The Panthéon in Paris (originally the Church of Sainte-Geneviève, designed by Jacques-Germain Soufflot) perfectly embodies Neoclassical ideals. Its massive, pedimented Corinthian portico directly references the Roman Pantheon, while its centralized, rational plan and structurally innovative hidden flying buttresses combine classical grandeur with Gothic structural lightness.

The Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament) in London, designed by Charles Barry with intricate Gothic detailing by A.W.N. Pugin (rebuilt after 1834), is a masterpiece of the Gothic Revival. It perfectly weds a rational, almost classical underlying plan with a wildly picturesque, asymmetrical exterior adorned with intricate medieval ornamentation.

The Red House in Bexleyheath, England (1859), designed by Philip Webb for William Morris, is a seminal Arts and Crafts building. It features exposed red brick, asymmetrical massing responsive to the interior layout, and a deliberate rejection of classical proportions in favor of medieval, vernacular honesty.

The Palais Garnier (Paris Opera House), designed by Charles Garnier (completed 1875), is a quintessential Beaux-Arts masterpiece. Its incredibly opulent, multi-layered facade, vast Grand Staircase, and lavishly decorated auditorium were designed as a spectacular stage for the elite of Parisian society to see and be seen.

The Eiffel Tower (1889), designed by Gustave Eiffel's engineering firm, brutally exposed the aesthetic and structural power of wrought iron. Initially reviled by the Parisian artistic establishment as an industrial eyesore, its soaring, naked structure laid the philosophical groundwork for Modernism's honest expression of materials.

You are tasked with analyzing a prominent 19th-century structure. The building features a massive, perfectly symmetrical facade with a commanding Corinthian portico. However, its interior reveals a vast, light-filled space with delicate, exposed cast-iron columns supporting intricate iron vaults.