Experiment 11: Resistors in Series and Parallel — Worked Examples
These examples develop circuit reasoning from topology and equivalent resistance to voltage division, current division, power, mixed networks, open and short circuits, and laboratory consistency checks.
Example 1: Equivalent resistance of three series resistors
Three resistors of , , and are connected in series. Determine the equivalent resistance.
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0 of 3 Steps CompletedExample 2: Equivalent resistance of three parallel resistors
The same , , and resistors are connected in parallel. Determine the equivalent resistance.
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A source is connected to , , and resistors in series. Determine the current and each voltage drop.
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A source is connected across parallel branches of , , and . Determine each branch current and the total current.
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A source is connected to and in series. Determine the voltage across .
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A total current of enters parallel resistors and . Determine the branch currents.
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A resistor is in series with a parallel combination of and . Determine the equivalent resistance and source current for .
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A resistor and a resistor are connected in series across . Determine the power dissipated by each resistor and the total power.
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A source initially supplies a single load. A second branch is then added in parallel. Compare the equivalent resistance and source current before and after.
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A three-branch parallel network is operating from a constant-voltage source. Describe the effects of opening one branch and of replacing one branch resistance with an ideal short circuit.
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A network has theoretical equivalent resistance and measured resistance . Determine the percentage error.
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- Identify nodes and current paths before labeling components as series or parallel.
- Use series addition only when the same current must pass through each component.
- Use the parallel relation only when components share both end nodes.
- Check that a series equivalent exceeds every series resistance.
- Check that a parallel equivalent is below the smallest branch resistance.
- Apply Kirchhoff's current law at junctions and Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops.
- Verify power by comparing the sum of component powers with source power.
- Treat open circuits as very large resistance and short circuits as resistance approaching zero.