Analysis and Design of Columns

Analysis and Design of Columns

Columns are vertical structural members that primarily support axial compressive loads. They may also be subjected to bending moments.

Column Interaction Diagram

The interaction diagram represents the failure envelope of a column subjected to combined axial load ($P_n$) and bending moment ($M_n$). Any combination of ($P_u, M_u$) falling inside the interaction diagram is considered safe.

Types of Columns

1. Tied Columns: Longitudinal bars are tied together with separate lateral ties.
2. Spiral Columns: Longitudinal bars are enclosed by a continuous spiral.

Slenderness Effects

Columns are classified as short or long (slender) based on their slenderness ratio $kL/r$. Slender columns require consideration of second-order effects (P-Delta effects).

---

Solved Problems